1959 Gibson ES-125 3/4: The Perfect Student Guitar from Gibson's Golden Era

The 1959 Gibson ES-125 3/4 represents a unique chapter in Gibson's storied history—a scaled-down electric guitar designed specifically for younger players and students, yet built with the same craftsmanship and attention to detail that defined Gibson's golden era. These compact instruments offer collectors and players alike a fascinating glimpse into Gibson's approach to creating accessible, high-quality electric guitars during one of the company's most innovative periods.

What makes the 1959 ES-125 3/4 special is its combination of professional Gibson construction in a more manageable size. Built during the same era as the legendary Les Paul "Bursts" and ES-335s, these instruments received the same quality woods, electronics, and finishing processes as their full-sized siblings, making them surprisingly sophisticated for what was marketed as a "student" guitar.

Historical Context: Gibson's Educational Mission

In 1959, Gibson was at the height of its innovative powers under the leadership of Ted McCarty. The company was simultaneously developing groundbreaking instruments like the ES-335 semi-hollow body design while also recognizing the need to nurture the next generation of guitarists through more accessible, smaller-scale instruments.

The ES-125 3/4 was Gibson's answer to the growing demand for quality electric guitars sized for younger players. Unlike many "student" instruments that compromised on quality, Gibson applied their full manufacturing expertise to these scaled-down electrics. The 1959 model year was particularly significant as it represented the refined version of the design, incorporating lessons learned from earlier production runs.

During this period, Gibson was competing not just with other American manufacturers but also with the emerging popularity of imported instruments. The ES-125 3/4 demonstrated Gibson's commitment to maintaining American craftsmanship even in their entry-level offerings. Notable artists who began their careers on similar scaled instruments during this era include many session musicians who would later become household names in the 1960s folk and rock movements.

Collectors today seek 1959 ES-125 3/4 guitars because they represent authentic Gibson craftsmanship from the pre-CBS Fender era, when American guitar manufacturing was at its absolute peak. These instruments also coincide with the birth of rock and roll, making them historically significant beyond their musical qualities.

Detailed Identification Guide

Serial Numbers

1959 Gibson ES-125 3/4 guitars typically feature 5-digit serial numbers ranging from approximately 90100 to 92500, stamped inside the f-hole on a white oval label. However, Gibson's serial number application was inconsistent during this period, so cross-referencing with other dating methods is essential.

Factory Order Numbers

More reliable than serial numbers are the Factory Order Numbers (FON) penciled inside the body, visible through the f-holes with a flashlight. 1959 ES-125 3/4 models typically show FONs in the format "U 2XXX" or "T 8XXX" through "T 9XXX" ranges.

Potentiometer Codes

1959 ES-125 3/4 guitars used CTS potentiometers with specific date codes that can be decoded:

• First three digits (137): CTS manufacturer code

• Next two digits (59): Year of manufacture

• Last two digits: Week of manufacture (01-52)

Neck Dating

The most definitive dating method involves examining the neck heel stamp, visible when the neck is removed from the body. 1959 necks typically show month/year stamps like "3 59" or "OCT 59" depending on the specific production period.

Key Visual Identifiers

Body Construction:

• Laminated maple top and back with mahogany sides

• Single f-hole design (distinguishing it from the full-size ES-125's dual f-holes)

• Smaller body dimensions: 14" wide, 2.5" deep

• Sunburst finish was standard, with natural and custom colors as special orders

Hardware Specifications:

• Single P-90 pickup mounted in the neck position

• Wraparound tailpiece/bridge combination (no separate bridge and tailpiece)

• Simple volume and tone control layout

• Plastic "bell" knobs in amber or black

• Nickel-plated hardware throughout

Neck Features:

• 22.5" scale length (3/4 of standard 30" scale)

• Mahogany neck with rosewood fingerboard

• Pearl dot position markers at 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th, 12th, 15th, 17th, and 19th frets

• 1-9/16" nut width

• "Gibson" script headstock logo with crown inlay

Detailed Physical Specifications

Dimensions:

• Scale length: 22.5 inches

• Body width: 14 inches at lower bout

• Body depth: 2.5 inches

• Overall length: Approximately 36 inches

• Typical weight: 5.5-6.5 pounds

Neck Profile: The 1959 ES-125 3/4 featured a comfortable C-shaped neck profile, slightly fuller than modern standards but designed for smaller hands. The neck typically measured:

• 1st fret thickness: Approximately 0.85"

• 12th fret thickness: Approximately 0.95"

• Fingerboard radius: 12 inches

Electronics:

• Pickup: Single P-90 single-coil pickup in neck position

• Resistance: Typically 7.5-8.5k ohms

• Controls: One volume, one tone

• Wiring: Vintage cloth-covered wire with paper-in-oil capacitors

• Output jack: Side-mounted on lower bout

Case Information: 1959 ES-125 3/4 guitars were typically sold with Gibson's brown hardshell case designed specifically for the 3/4 size instruments. These cases are quite rare today and add significant value when present with the guitar.

Tonal Characteristics

Despite its "student guitar" designation, the 1959 ES-125 3/4 produces surprisingly sophisticated tones that reflect Gibson's commitment to quality across their entire product line.

Sound Profile: The single P-90 pickup delivers classic Gibson single-coil tones with characteristic bite and clarity. The shorter scale length (22.5" vs. standard 24.75") creates slightly less string tension, resulting in:

• Enhanced sustain for such a compact instrument

• Warmer, more compressed tone than full-scale equivalents

• Easier bending due to reduced string tension

• Unique harmonic content from the scaled dimensions

Amplified Characteristics: When amplified, the 1959 ES-125 3/4 exhibits the classic P-90 character—bright and cutting when played clean, with natural compression and pleasant overdrive when pushed. The laminated hollow body construction adds acoustic resonance that enhances the overall tonal complexity.

Recording Applications: Many session musicians discovered that the ES-125 3/4's unique tonal character made it perfect for specific recording applications, particularly for doubling parts or creating distinctive rhythm textures that sat perfectly in a mix without competing with full-sized instruments.

Common Issues & Modifications

When evaluating a 1959 Gibson ES-125 3/4, experienced collectors and appraisers watch for several common issues:

Typical Problems

1. Neck warping: The smaller neck dimensions make these instruments more susceptible to humidity-related warping

2. Bridge/tailpiece wear: The wraparound tailpiece often shows significant wear or replacement

3. Pickup replacement: Many owners upgraded the P-90 pickup, diminishing originality value

4. Finish checking: The thin nitrocellulose finish is particularly prone to temperature-related checking

5. Tuner replacement: Original tuners were often upgraded to more modern versions

Value-Affecting Modifications

• Pickup changes: Non-original pickups can reduce value by 25-40%

• Refinishing: Even professional refinishing typically reduces value by 50% or more

• Bridge modifications: Converting from wraparound to separate bridge/tailpiece affects originality

• Headstock repairs: Any headstock breaks or repairs significantly impact value

• Neck reset: While sometimes necessary for playability, neck resets should be documented

Authentication Concerns

Fortunately, the ES-125 3/4's relatively modest value compared to Les Pauls or ES-335s makes counterfeiting less common. However, watch for:

• Incorrect serial number placements or fonts

• Non-period appropriate components

• Finish inconsistencies with known 1959 specifications

• Aftermarket "Gibson" logos or inappropriate aging

Why Players and Collectors Value This Model

Playing Characteristics

The 1959 ES-125 3/4 offers several unique advantages that have maintained its appeal among players:

Comfort and Playability:

• Perfect for players with smaller hands or physical limitations

• Reduced string tension makes complex chord voicings easier

• Lighter weight reduces fatigue during extended playing sessions

• Excellent for recording applications where a unique voice is needed

Tonal Versatility: Despite having only one pickup, the ES-125 3/4's P-90 and hollow body construction provide surprising versatility, suitable for jazz, blues, folk, and early rock applications.

Collector Appeal

Historical Significance: Represents Gibson's commitment to quality across all market segments during their golden era

Rarity Factor: Significantly fewer ES-125 3/4 models were produced compared to full-size instruments, making well-preserved examples increasingly scarce

Investment Potential: As baby boomers seek smaller, more comfortable instruments, demand for quality 3/4-scale vintage guitars continues to grow

Completeness: Many collectors value having representative examples from different segments of Gibson's 1959 production line

Selling Your 1959 Gibson ES-125 3/4

If you own a 1959 Gibson ES-125 3/4 or any vintage Gibson instrument, Edgewater Guitars offers distinct advantages over other selling options:

Why Choose Edgewater Guitars

Premium Valuations: Our expertise in vintage Gibson instruments means we recognize value that generalist dealers might miss. We consistently pay 30-40% more than typical guitar shops for quality vintage examples.

Specialized Knowledge: Our team understands the specific factors that affect ES-125 3/4 values, from original case presence to pickup authenticity. This expertise ensures accurate valuations that reflect true market conditions.

Immediate Transactions: Unlike consignment or private sales, we provide immediate cash offers with no waiting periods or uncertain outcomes. For high-value instruments, we offer in-person evaluations throughout Ohio and neighboring states.

Hassle-Free Process: We handle all aspects of the transaction, from authentication to secure payment processing. Our streamlined approach eliminates the complexities of private sales or online marketplaces.

Fair Market Pricing: We base our offers on current market conditions, recent auction results, and actual completed sales—not outdated price guide estimates.

Ready to sell your vintage Gibson? Get your free valuation online or call us directly at (440) 219-3607.

Authentication Resources

Essential References

• Gibson Serial Number Database: Cross-reference your instrument's serial number with known production ranges

• Factory Order Number Guide: More reliable than serial numbers for precise dating

• Period Specifications: Compare your instrument against documented 1959 ES-125 3/4 specifications

Professional Authentication

For high-value instruments or questionable examples, professional authentication services can provide documented verification of originality and condition. Edgewater Guitars offers complimentary authentication evaluations as part of our purchasing process.

Related Vintage Gibson Models

If you own other vintage Gibson instruments from the 1959 era, consider these related models that we also purchase:

• 1959 Gibson ES-125 (full size): The full-scale version with dual f-holes

• 1959 Gibson ES-140 3/4: The single-cutaway hollow body equivalent

• 1959 Gibson LG-1 3/4: The acoustic version of Gibson's 3/4 scale student line

• Other 1959 Gibson electrics: Including ES-335, Les Paul, and SG models

Each of these instruments represents the same era of superior Gibson craftsmanship and commands strong collector interest.

Geographic Service Area

Edgewater Guitars specializes in purchasing premium vintage guitars throughout Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Indiana, and West Virginia. For high-value instruments like vintage Gibson electrics, we provide in-person evaluations at your location, ensuring secure and convenient transactions.

Final Call-to-Action

Whether you're considering downsizing your collection, settling an estate, or simply curious about your 1959 Gibson ES-125 3/4's current value, Edgewater Guitars provides the expertise and fair pricing you deserve.

Contact us today:

• Online valuation: Submit photos and details through our secure quote form

• Phone consultation: Call (440) 219-3607 for immediate assistance

• In-person evaluation: Available throughout our service area for qualifying instruments

About the Author: The Edgewater Guitars team combines decades of experience in vintage guitar evaluation, authentication, and fair market valuation. Our expertise in Gibson instruments from the golden era ensures accurate assessments that reflect true collector and player value. We're fellow guitar enthusiasts who understand both the emotional and financial significance of these remarkable instruments.