DATE :
Sunday, January 11, 2026
How Old Is My Guitar? Complete Dating Guide for Vintage & Used Guitars
How Old Is My Guitar? Complete Dating Guide for Vintage & Used Guitars
Quick Answer: To determine your guitar's age, start by locating the serial number (on the back of the headstock for most electrics, inside the soundhole on acoustics, or on the neck plate for Fenders 1954-1976), then cross-reference with manufacturer dating systems. However, serial numbers alone are often unreliable—you should also check neck date stamps, potentiometer codes (electronics dating), body stamps, and construction features. Pre-1970 American-made guitars (Gibson, Fender, Martin) can be dated within a few months using multiple verification methods, while post-1970 guitars use more standardized systems. Professional authentication is recommended for potentially valuable vintage guitars, as accurate dating is critical to determining value—a 1959 vs. 1961 Gibson Les Paul can mean a dramatic value difference that makes proper authentication essential.
If you've inherited a guitar, found one in storage, or are simply trying to understand what you own, one of your first questions is likely "How old is this guitar?" The age of your guitar is critical to understanding its value—especially for vintage instruments where a single year can mean the difference between a moderately valuable instrument and an extremely valuable collector's piece.
Dating guitars can be complex. Unlike cars with clear VIN systems, guitar manufacturers used inconsistent serial number systems, changed formats multiple times, and often applied serial numbers that don't match actual production dates. Some guitars have no serial numbers at all. Others have serial numbers that were reused or applied out of sequence.
This comprehensive guide will teach you how to accurately date any guitar using multiple verification methods, understand which dating clues to trust and which to treat skeptically, identify valuable vintage guitars by their age, and avoid the costly mistakes that destroy value.
At Edgewater Guitars, we've dated thousands of vintage instruments throughout Ohio and the Midwest. We've seen every dating challenge imaginable—missing serial numbers, conflicting dates, transitional features, and forgeries. This guide represents everything we've learned about accurately determining guitar age.
What you'll learn:
Where to find serial numbers on every major brand
How to decode serial number systems that changed multiple times
Why serial numbers alone are often wrong or misleading
Alternative dating methods (neck stamps, pot codes, body stamps)
How to date guitars with no serial numbers
Which years are most valuable for each major brand
Real case studies of misdated guitars (and the value impact)
When professional authentication is worth the investment
Let's start with the most common dating method—serial numbers.
Understanding Guitar Serial Numbers: The Foundation (and the Problems)
Serial numbers are the first place most people look when dating a guitar—and that's both right and wrong.
Why Serial Numbers Matter
Serial numbers provide valuable information:
Production dating:
Indicates approximate manufacturing period
Helps narrow down year or year range
Starting point for further research
Verifies guitar isn't anachronistic (claimed 1959 with 1975 serial)
Authentication:
Serial number format specific to manufacturers and eras
Font, location, and application method vary by period
Inconsistent with claimed year = red flag for forgery
Absence where expected can indicate refinishing
Factory records:
Some manufacturers kept detailed logs
Serial numbers occasionally link to specific orders
Can reveal original specifications
May document special features or custom orders
Why Serial Numbers Are Often Misleading
The fundamental problem: guitar serial numbers were never designed as dating systems. They were production tracking tools, and manufacturers applied them inconsistently.
Common serial number problems:
1. Numbers applied before or after assembly:
Parts manufactured with serial numbers, assembled months later
Necks stamped in 1962, guitar completed in 1963
Bodies numbered in advance, used years later
Serial number reflects part date, not completion date
2. Systems changed frequently:
Manufacturers switched numbering systems without notice
Overlapping systems during transition periods
Different factories used different systems simultaneously
No standardization across industry
3. Numbers reused or duplicated:
Same serial numbers appear on guitars from different years
Gibson used duplicate serial numbers in different eras
Fender restarted numbering systems multiple times
Creates ambiguity requiring other dating methods
4. Out-of-sequence numbering:
Numbers not always applied sequentially
Lower numbers sometimes later than higher numbers
Batches numbered separately
Special runs used different sequences
5. Missing or relocated during refinishing:
Refinished guitars often lose original serial numbers
Fake serial numbers added during refinishing
Numbers sanded away during headstock repairs
Relocated numbers (moved from bridge to headstock, etc.)
6. Inconsistent application methods:
Ink stamps (fade or wear away)
Impressed stamps (can be shallow, hard to read)
Engraved (occasionally altered or re-engraved)
Decals (can be replaced or forged)
The solution: Never rely on serial numbers alone. Always cross-reference with other dating methods.
Serial Number Locations by Manufacturer
Before you can decode a serial number, you need to find it. Location varies dramatically by manufacturer and era.
Gibson Serial Number Locations
1952-1960 (Ink Stamp Era):
Location: Back of headstock
Format: 5-digit numbers (some 4-digit early)
Application: Hand-stamped or hand-written in ink
Issues: Often faded, smudged, or illegible
Range examples:
1952: 0xxx-2xxx
1956: 5xxxx-6xxxx
1959: 9xxxx range
1961-1975 (Impressed Number Era):
Location: Back of headstock
Format: 6-8 digit numbers, sometimes with letter prefix
Application: Pressed/impressed into wood
Issues: Can be shallow, hard to read
Range examples:
1961: 1xxxx
1964: 4xxxx
1970: 6-digit starting 500000+
1975-1977 (Transfer Number Era):
Location: Back of headstock
Format: 8-digit numbers
Application: Decal/transfer
Issues: Often reads "XXXXXXXX" with no actual number (production error)
Known problem: Gibson used "000000" or "XXXXXX" placeholders
1977-Present (Modern Era):
Location: Back of headstock
Format: 8 digits, various formats
Application: Impressed or stamped
YYDDD format: YY=year, DDD=day of year
Example: 90123456 = 1990, day 123
Gibson Factory Order Number (FON):
Location: Inside control cavity or f-hole
Visible: Must remove control cavity cover
Format: Letter + digits
More reliable: Often more accurate than headstock serial
Example: "T 3622" = late 1959
Gibson Acoustic Labels:
Location: Inside guitar, visible through soundhole
Format: Orange label (1950s-early 1960s) or white label (1960s)
Information: Model, serial number, sometimes date
Fender Serial Number Locations
1950-1954 (Early Era):
Telecaster: Bridge plate stamped with number
Stratocaster: No serial numbers initially (used neck dates only)
Format: 4-digit numbers typically
1954-1976 (Neck Plate Era):
Location: 4-bolt neck plate on back of guitar
Format: 4-6 digit numbers stamped into metal plate
Easy to find: Very visible on back of guitar
Range examples:
1954-1956: 4-digit (0001-9999)
1957-1962: 5-digit (10000-99999)
1963-1964: 5-digit with "L" prefix (L10000-L99999)
1965-1976: 6-digit (100000-999999)
1976-Present (Headstock Era):
Location: Front or back of headstock
Format: Letter prefix + 5-6 digits
Prefixes indicate decade:
S = 1970s-1980s
E = 1980s
N = 1990s
Z = 2000s
US = American-made
MX = Mexican-made
Fender Neck Date Stamps:
Location: Heel of neck (where neck joins body)
Visibility: Only visible when neck removed
Format: Pencil or stamp: "MM-YY" or "Month-Year"
Most reliable: More accurate than serial numbers
Example: "8-59" = August 1959
Fender Body Dates:
Location: Various (tremolo cavity, control cavity, neck pocket)
Format: Pencil markings, often just dates or names
Information: Body routing date, inspector marks, model codes
Martin Serial Number Locations
All years:
Location: Neck block inside guitar (visible through soundhole)
Visibility: Look through soundhole toward neck
Format: Stamped into wood
Additional marks: Model stamp (D-28, OM, etc.) often nearby
Martin Label:
Location: Inside guitar (neck block or back)
Format: Oval or rectangular paper label
Information: C.F. Martin & Co., model, serial number
Martin Serial Number Dating:
Sequential system: Numbers increase chronologically
Relatively reliable: More consistent than Gibson/Fender
Ranges:
8,000-15,000 = 1898-1906
45,000-58,000 = 1930s
83,000-95,000 = 1940s
145,000-175,000 = 1950s
200,000-250,000 = 1960s
Other Major Manufacturers
Gretsch:
Location: Varies (back of headstock, inside hollow bodies, label)
Format: Various systems, changed multiple times
Issues: Inconsistent; professional dating often needed
Guild:
Location: Label inside acoustics, back of headstock on electrics
Format: Generally sequential within eras
Information: Often includes model and date on label
Rickenbacker:
Location: Various (jackplate, back of headstock, neck plate)
Format: Letter prefixes indicate year in some eras
Example: A=1961, B=1962 (early system)
Epiphone (Pre-Gibson):
Location: Label inside acoustics, various on electrics
Format: Sequential numbers
"New York" stamp: Critical indicator (pre-1957, very valuable)
How to Decode Gibson Serial Numbers
Gibson's serial number system is notoriously complex, with multiple overlapping systems and extensive reuse of numbers.
Gibson Serial Number Systems by Era
1952-1960: The Ink Stamp Era
Format: 5-digit numbers (occasionally 4-digit in early 1952)
General ranges:
1952: 0xxx-2xxx (approximately)
1953: 2xxx-4xxx
1954: 4xxx-5xxx
1955: 5xxx-6xxx
1956: 6xxx-7xxx
1957: 7xxx-9xxx (some overlap)
1958: 8xxxx (5-digit, restarted with leading "8")
1959: 9xxxx
1960: 0xxxx (restarted, leading "0")
Critical issues with this system:
Problem 1: Numbers reused
1952 guitars and 1960 guitars both have numbers starting with "0"
Requires other dating methods to differentiate
Example: "01234" could be 1952 OR 1960
Problem 2: Overlap between years
1957 and 1958 both have some "7xxxx" numbers
1959 and 1960 both have some "9xxxx" numbers
Serial number alone insufficient
Problem 3: Ink fades
70-year-old ink stamps often illegible
Numbers partially visible or completely gone
Impossible to read without magnification and good lighting
How to verify 1950s Gibson serial numbers:
✓ Check Factory Order Number (FON) inside guitar ✓ Look for neck date stamps (if accessible) ✓ Examine pot codes (electronics date codes) ✓ Verify construction features match claimed year ✓ Look for appropriate aging consistent with age
Example authentication:
Serial number: "9 2847"
Could be: 1959 (most likely) or possibly 1969 (less likely given format)
FON inside: "T 3891" = Late 1959 (confirms)
Pot codes: "137-5929" = CTS, week 29 of 1959 (confirms)
PAF pickups, correct hardware = 1959 confirmed
1961-1969: The Impressed Number Era
Format: 6-digit numbers impressed into wood
General system:
1961: Numbers starting with "1" (1xxxx)
1962: Numbers starting with "2" (2xxxx)
1963: Numbers starting with "3" (3xxxx)
1964: Numbers starting with "4" (4xxxx)
1965: Numbers starting with "5" (5xxxx)
1966: Numbers starting with "6" (6xxxx)
1967: Numbers starting with "7" (7xxxx)
1968: Numbers starting with "8" (8xxxx)
1969: Numbers starting with "9" (9xxxx)
This system seems straightforward, BUT:
Problem: Massive overlaps
Numbers from 1963-1969 frequently overlap
Same serial number can appear on guitars from different years
Production delays meant parts numbered in one year, assembled in next
Problem: Out of sequence
Later numbers don't always mean later production
Batches numbered separately
Different factories used different ranges
Example of overlap:
Serial number "525XXX" appears on both 1965 AND 1966 guitars
Serial number "827XXX" appears on both 1968 AND 1969 guitars
How to verify 1960s Gibson serial numbers:
✓ Check pot codes (most reliable for 1960s) ✓ Verify pickup types (PAF vs. patent number vs. T-Top) ✓ Examine hardware changes by year ✓ Look at logo style and headstock features ✓ Check construction details (volute added 1970, etc.)
1970-1975: The Chaos Era
Format: 6-8 digit numbers, various formats
This is Gibson's most confusing period:
Multiple numbering systems used simultaneously
"Made in USA" stamp appears on some
Numbers with "A" prefix introduced
Massive production increases = inconsistent tracking
Some guitars from this era virtually impossible to date precisely
Common formats:
6-digit numbers continuing 1960s system
"A" prefix numbers (A10XXXX to A49XXXX range)
8-digit numbers with various formats
Some with "99" prefix
Dating 1970-1975 Gibsons:
Serial number provides rough range only
Pot codes CRITICAL for accurate dating
Construction features (volute, neck dimensions, binding) important
Often can only narrow to 2-3 year range
1975-1977: The "Number That Isn't There" Era
Format: Transfer/decal 8-digit number
The infamous problem: Gibson switched to decal serial numbers, but many guitars left the factory with:
"00000000" as placeholder
"XXXXXXXX" as placeholder
Completely blank decal
Partially applied number
If you have a 1975-1977 Gibson with "00000000" serial number:
This is NORMAL for this era (not a fake)
Can still date guitar using pot codes and features
These guitars are authentic despite useless serial number
Collectors understand this production error
1977-Present: Modern Numbering
Format: 8-digit impressed number (YYDDDXXX format)
How to decode:
YY: Year (first 2 digits)
DDD: Day of year (next 3 digits)
XXX: Production sequence that day
Example:
Serial number: 90278456
90 = 1990
278 = Day 278 of year (October 5)
456 = 456th guitar that day
Date: October 5, 1990
This system is generally reliable for guitars 1977-present, with some exceptions:
Early adoption period (1977-1979) has some confusion
Quality control improved by 1980s
Modern Gibsons usually dated accurately
Gibson FON (Factory Order Number) System
The FON is often MORE reliable than serial numbers for 1950s-1960s Gibsons.
Where to find FON:
Inside control cavity (remove back plate)
Inside F-holes on hollow bodies
Written or stamped on internal surfaces
How to decode FON:
Format: Letter + 3-4 digits
Letter codes by year:
Q = 1952
R = 1953
S = 1954
T = 1955
U = 1956
V = 1957
W = 1958 (early part)
X = 1958 (late part)
Y = 1958 (late part)
Z = 1959 (early part)
A = 1959 (middle/late)
B = 1960
C = 1961
D = 1962
E = 1963
Example:
FON: T 3891
"T" = 1955
Wait, that seems wrong for the number range
Actually: Multiple letter systems overlap
Later decoding: "T" in 1959 = Late 1959
(FON system also complex, but more reliable than headstock serial)
The benefit of FON:
Less likely to be forged (inside guitar)
More consistent with actual production date
Cross-references with serial number for authentication
Harder to alter during refinishing
How to Decode Fender Serial Numbers
Fender's serial number system is more straightforward than Gibson's—but still has significant complications.
Fender Serial Number Systems by Era
1950-1954: Bridge Plate Era (Telecaster)
Format: 4-digit numbers stamped on bridge plate
Dating:
Numbers roughly sequential
Low numbers = earlier
Approximately 0001-5000 range
No Stratocaster serial numbers yet (Strat introduced 1954)
Issues:
Bridge plates often replaced
Stamping can wear away
Numbers not precisely sequential
1954-1963: Neck Plate Era (Simple Numbers)
Format: 4-5 digit numbers stamped on neck plate
General ranges:
1954-1956: 0001-9999 (4-digit)
1957-1958: 10000-40000 (5-digit)
1959-1962: 40000-90000 (5-digit)
This system is relatively reliable with some caveats:
Numbers generally sequential
Some overlap at year boundaries
Neck dates more precise than serial numbers
Parts sometimes assembled months after numbering
Example:
Serial number: 35782
Indicates: 1959-1960 range
Neck date: "8-59" = August 1959
Confirmed date: August 1959
1963-1965: "L" Series
Format: "L" prefix + 5-digit number
Why the "L":
CBS acquisition approaching
New production tracking
Reached end of previous numbering system
General range:
1963-1965: L10000-L99999
Dating:
L10000-L20000 = 1963
L20000-L60000 = 1964
L60000-L99000 = 1965
Critical value note: Pre-"L" series (pre-1963) often more valuable than "L" series, as CBS acquisition in 1965 marked quality changes.
1965-1976: CBS Era (100000+ Numbers)
Format: 6-digit numbers starting with "100000"
General ranges:
1965-1967: 100000-200000
1968-1969: 200000-300000
1970-1972: 300000-400000
1973-1975: 400000-600000
1976: 600000-800000
Major issues with this system:
Problem 1: Massive overlaps
Same number range used across multiple years
Number alone insufficient for accurate dating
Must use other methods
Problem 2: Quality changes
CBS era known for inconsistent quality
Value often lower than pre-CBS
Collectors prefer pre-1965 examples
How to date CBS-era Fenders: ✓ Serial number gives 2-3 year range ✓ Pot codes provide accurate dating ✓ Neck stamps help narrow down ✓ Hardware and logo changes indicate year ✓ Headstock size (large headstock = 1965+)
1976-Present: Letter Prefix System
Format: Letter(s) + 5-6 digits
Prefix meanings:
S = 1970s-1980s (Seventies)
E = 1980s (Eighties)
N = 1990s (Nineties)
Z = 2000s (2000)
US = American-made (various years)
MX = Mexican-made
CY = China, Yako factory
JD = Japan (domestic)
This system is MORE reliable for dating modern Fenders, though:
Still some overlap
Different factories used different systems simultaneously
American vs. Import marked differently
Example:
Serial number: E946752
"E" = 1980s
Additional research narrows to specific year
The Most Reliable Fender Dating Method: Neck Stamps
Neck date stamps are MORE accurate than serial numbers for vintage Fenders.
Where to find:
Heel of neck (where neck meets body)
Only visible when neck removed
Requires loosening/removing strings and neck bolts
Don't remove neck yourself on potentially valuable guitars
Format:
Pencil written or stamped
"MM-YY" or "Month-Year"
Sometimes additional codes or names
Examples:
"8-59" = August 1959
"3-63" = March 1963
"12-56" = December 1956
Why neck dates are more reliable:
Applied during actual neck construction
More closely matches completion date
Harder to forge (inside guitar)
Cross-references with serial number for authentication
If serial number and neck date disagree:
Neck date usually correct
Serial number may be from different part
Could indicate replaced neck (reduces value)
Professional authentication recommended
Alternative Dating Methods (When Serial Numbers Fail)
When serial numbers are missing, illegible, or unreliable, these methods provide accurate dating:
Potentiometer (Pot) Codes: The Most Reliable Dating Method
Potentiometers are electronic components inside your guitar's control cavity. They have date codes that are often THE most accurate way to date a guitar.
What are potentiometers:
Volume and tone control components
Cylindrical components with 3 terminals
Located in control cavity (under back plate)
Usually 2-4 pots per guitar
Where to find pot codes:
Remove control cavity back plate (1-6 screws typically)
Look at side of cylindrical pot casings
Codes stamped into metal casing
May need to move controls to see codes
Pot code format: XXXXYYZZ
Breaking down the code:
XXXX: Manufacturer code
137 = CTS (Chicago Telephone Supply)
134 = Centralab
304 = Stackpole
615 = IRC
YY: Year of manufacture
ZZ: Week of year (1-52)
Example:
Pot code: 137-6318
137 = CTS manufacturer
63 = 1963
18 = Week 18 (late April)
Date: Pot manufactured April 1963
How to use pot codes for guitar dating:
Rule 1: Pots dated BEFORE guitar completion
Pots manufactured, stored, then installed in guitars
Guitar completion date = Pot date + assembly time
3-12 months after pot date is normal
Rule 2: Multiple pots should be close in date
All pots usually from same manufacturing batch
Within a few weeks of each other
Different years on different pots = replacement (reduces value)
Rule 3: Guitar can't be older than newest pot
If newest pot is 1963, guitar is 1963 or later
Provides latest possible date
Most reliable for narrow dating window
Example authentication: Guitar: Claimed 1959 Les Paul Serial number: 9 2XXX (consistent with 1959) Pot codes found:
Pot 1: 137-5927 (CTS, week 27 of 1959)
Pot 2: 137-5929 (CTS, week 29 of 1959)
Pot 3: 137-5931 (CTS, week 31 of 1959)
Pot 4: 137-5933 (CTS, week 33 of 1959)
Conclusion:
All pots from summer 1959 (consistent)
Guitar completed late 1959 or early 1960
Cross-references with serial number
Authentication: Late 1959 confirmed
Red flags from pot codes:
❌ Pots dated AFTER claimed guitar date
Claimed 1959 guitar with 1975 pots = electronics replaced OR fake
Major red flag for authenticity
❌ Mixed decades on pots
One 1959 pot, three 1980 pots = partial electronics replacement
Reduces value (not all original)
❌ Missing pot codes
Some pots have no codes (quality varies by manufacturer)
More common on import guitars
Less reliable for dating
Body and Neck Stamps
Many manufacturers stamped dates or codes directly on wood:
Gibson body stamps:
Inside control cavity
Date stamps or inspector marks
Model codes
Sometimes just year
Fender body stamps:
Tremolo cavity (Stratocasters)
Control cavity
Neck pocket
Pencil dates, names, codes
Fender neck stamps:
End of neck (butt)
"TG" prefix codes
Date stamps
Model designations
Martin stamps:
Model stamp on neck block
Size designation (D, OM, 000, etc.)
Serial number
Sometimes date
How to find stamps:
Remove control cavity covers
Look in tremolo spring cavity (Strat back)
Check neck pocket (where neck sits in body)
Use flashlight and magnification
What stamps tell you:
Body routing date
Neck shaping date
Inspector who worked on guitar
Assembly date (sometimes)
Model designation
Pickup Dating
Pickups often have date codes or identifiable features:
Gibson PAF pickups (1957-1962):
"Patent Applied For" sticker (extremely valuable)
No sticker on late examples (still PAFs)
Long or short magnet variants
Bobbin color (double black, zebra)
Output resistance readings
These alone can narrow date range
Gibson Patent Number pickups (1962-mid 1970s):
Patent number sticker
Replaced PAF stickers
Indicates 1960s-early 1970s
Less valuable than PAFs but still collectible
Fender pickup dates:
Sometimes pencil dated on bottom
Masking tape dates on coils
Color codes (wire colors changed by era)
Winding style visible through bottom
Dating by pickup type:
P-90 (Gibson) = 1946-1957 on Les Pauls, later on other models
PAF humbucker (Gibson) = 1957-1962
Patent number humbucker = 1962-1974
T-Top (Gibson) = 1970s
Hardware and Component Dating
Specific hardware features indicate manufacturing periods:
Tuners (tuning machines):
Kluson single-ring = 1950s
Kluson double-ring = late 1950s-1960s
Grover Rotomatic = 1960s+
Schaller, Gotoh = Modern
Bridges:
Fender 6-screw tremolo = 1954-present (with variations)
Gibson ABR-1 without wire = 1954-1956
Gibson ABR-1 with retainer wire = 1957-1970s
Specific saddle styles indicate eras
Knobs and switches:
Gold "speed" knobs = Early 1950s Les Pauls
Amber "top hat" knobs = 1950s-1960s Gibsons
Black "witch hat" knobs = Late 1960s-1970s
Specific switch types indicate eras
Cases:
Pink or purple lining = 1950s
Orange or red lining = 1960s
Black lining = 1970s+
Case style and logo indicate period
Construction Features and Changes
Manufacturing changes help date guitars:
Gibson:
Unbound neck (1952-1953 Les Pauls)
Bound neck (1954+ Les Pauls)
Long neck tenon (1950s-1960s)
Short neck tenon (1970s+)
Volute on back of neck (1970-1981)
3-piece pancake body (1970s)
Fender:
Single-ply pickguard (1954-1959)
Multi-ply pickguard (1959+)
Slab rosewood board (1959-1962)
Curved rosewood board (1962+)
Small headstock (pre-1965)
Large headstock (1965+)
3-bolt neck (some 1970s)
Bullet truss rod (1970s)
Martin:
Scalloped bracing (pre-1940s)
Non-scalloped bracing (1940s+)
T-bar neck reinforcement (1934-1967)
Adjustable truss rod (1985+)
Finish Type and Aging
Finish type indicates manufacturing era:
Nitrocellulose lacquer:
Thin, transparent finish
Develops checking (fine cracks) over time
Ages to amber on blonde finishes
Used pre-1968 typically
Presence = likely vintage
Polyurethane:
Thick, plastic-like finish
Doesn't check or craze naturally
Maintains color over time
Started appearing late 1960s
Standard by 1970s
Aging patterns:
Natural checking indicates age
Fading patterns indicate UV exposure over decades
Wear in logical locations (forearm, back) indicates use
Too-perfect finish on "vintage" guitar = suspicious
How to Date Guitars with NO Serial Numbers
Some guitars have no serial numbers—this doesn't mean they're worthless or fake.
Why Guitars Lack Serial Numbers
Legitimate reasons for missing serial numbers:
Pre-serial number era
Some manufacturers didn't use serial numbers until 1950s
Very early guitars identified by other means
Construction features and style indicate period
Budget/student models
Entry-level guitars often not serialized
Mass-produced imports
Store-brand guitars
Worn away or refinished
Ink stamps fade completely over decades
Refinishing removes original serial numbers
Headstock repairs remove numbers
Never applied
Some guitars left factory without numbers
Production oversights
Small manufacturers with informal tracking
Stolen serial number
Deliberately removed to obscure theft
Less common but possible
Dating Strategy for Unmarked Guitars
Use all available alternative methods:
Step 1: Identify manufacturer
Body shape and style
Logo or label (if present)
Hardware styles
Construction features
Step 2: Check pot codes
Most reliable dating method without serial number
Provides tight date range
Multiple pots create confidence
Step 3: Examine all stamps and marks
Body stamps
Neck stamps
Inspector marks
Model codes
Step 4: Analyze hardware
Tuner styles and stamps
Bridge types
Pickup styles and dates
Control components
Step 5: Assess construction features
Neck attachment method
Binding styles
Bracing patterns (acoustics)
Wood types and figure
Step 6: Evaluate finish type
Nitrocellulose vs. polyurethane
Aging patterns
Color characteristics
Application quality
Step 7: Cross-reference everything
All clues should tell consistent story
Inconsistencies indicate issues
Multiple methods increase confidence
Example: Dating unmarked Les Paul
Scenario: Gold-top Les Paul, no visible serial number
Investigation:
Body style: Carved top, single cutaway = Les Paul
No serial visible: Likely worn away or refinished
Pot codes: 137-5618 (1956, week 18) - All four pots consistent
Pickups: P-90s (correct for 1956)
Bridge: ABR-1 without retainer wire (correct for 1956)
Tuners: Kluson single-ring (correct for 1956)
Finish: Nitrocellulose with checking (correct for vintage)
Hardware: All components consistent with 1956
Conclusion: 1956 Les Paul Goldtop, likely refinished (explains missing serial), but all original components date to 1956
Value impact: Refinished reduces value vs. all-original, but still valuable 1956 Les Paul
The Most Valuable Years for Each Major Brand
Dating your guitar accurately matters because specific years command dramatic value premiums:
Gibson - The Golden Years
Les Paul Standard "Burst" (1958-1960):
1959: THE most valuable production guitar ever made
1958: Highly valuable, first year of cherry sunburst
1960: Last year of original burst production, very valuable
Why 1959 is THE year:
Peak flame maple tops
Slightly slimmer neck than 1958
Perfect PAF pickups
Last year of ideal construction before changes
Les Paul Goldtop by year:
1952-1953 (trapeze): Very valuable early examples
1954-1956 (Tune-o-matic): Highly collectible
1957 (early PAF): Premium for PAF pickups
Flying V and Explorer:
1958-1959 (Korina): Among most valuable guitars ever made
1962-1963 (reissue): Still extremely valuable
ES-335:
1958-1959 (PAF, dot): Most valuable ES-335 period
1960-1962 (PAF, dot): Highly valuable
1962-1965 (patent, block): Very collectible
SG/Les Paul:
1961-1963 (with "Les Paul"): Premium for transitional models
1963-1965 (SG Standard): Valuable vintage examples
Fender - The Pre-CBS Premium
The critical date: 1965 = CBS acquisition = quality changes
Stratocaster values by era:
1954-1956 (early): Most valuable Stratocasters
1957-1958 (two-tone): Highly valuable pre-CBS
1959-1962 (slab board): Premium for thick rosewood
1963-1965 (pre-CBS): Last of original era
1965-1975 (CBS): Significantly less valuable
Value multipliers on Stratocasters:
Custom colors: Dramatically increase value
Matching headstock: Substantial premium
All original components: Major value addition
Stack knob (1960-1961): Rare and valuable
Telecaster values by era:
1950 (Broadcaster): Extremely rare and valuable
1951 (Nocaster): Highly sought transitional model
1951-1954 (black guard): Early production premium
1955-1959 (white guard): Valuable pre-CBS examples
1960-1965 (pre-CBS): Collectible vintage Telecasters
Bass values:
1951-1956 (single-coil P-Bass): Early bass premium
1957-1959 (split-coil, gold guard): Highly collectible anodized era
1960-1965 (P-Bass or J-Bass): Valuable pre-CBS examples
1960-1961 (Jazz Bass stack knob): Rare and highly valuable
Martin - Pre-War is King
Pre-war Martins (before 1946) command enormous premiums:
D-45 Pre-War:
1933-1942: Among most valuable acoustic guitars
D-28 Herringbone:
1931-1946: Highly sought after by collectors
OM-28:
1929-1933: Short production run = valuable
Post-war Martins (Brazilian rosewood era):
1946-1969: Valuable for Brazilian rosewood
The critical date: 1969/1970 = Switch from Brazilian to Indian rosewood
Brazilian rosewood guitars significantly more valuable
Indian rosewood = Still good guitars, less collectible
Other Brands
Gretsch (pre-Baldwin):
1955-1967: Peak value years
6120 Chet Atkins: Highly collectible
White Falcon: Premium vintage model
Rickenbacker:
1960s examples: Most collectible period
4001 Bass: Vintage examples valuable
360/12 twelve-string: Associated with Beatles/Byrds
Guild:
1950s-1960s American-made: Quality vintage period
Starfire series: Collectible semi-hollow models
Real Case Studies: When Dating Matters
Case Study 1: The One-Year Difference That Matters Enormously
The Call: David from Michigan inherited his uncle's "1960 Les Paul." He wanted to sell it and researched that 1960 Les Pauls were valuable instruments.
Initial Photos: Photos showed a cherry sunburst Les Paul with faded finish (honey burst appearance).
Our Immediate Question: 1960 vs. 1959 Les Pauls look nearly identical but have substantial value differences. We needed to date it precisely.
Serial Number:
Stamped on headstock: "9 2847"
This number range is 1959, NOT 1960
David's uncle had been told "1960" by someone years ago
Cross-Referencing: We needed to confirm with other dating methods:
Factory Order Number (FON):
Found inside control cavity: "A 3891"
"A" prefix = 1959 (late production)
Confirms 1959
Pot Codes:
All four pots: 137-59XX codes (1959, various weeks)
Consistent with late 1959 manufacture
Latest pot week 33 (mid-August)
Guitar completed late 1959
Neck Date:
Pencil mark on neck heel: "10-59"
October 1959
Perfectly consistent with serial and pots
PAF Pickups:
Original with stickers intact
DC resistance consistent with 1959
Correct construction
Conclusion: 1959 Les Paul Standard, not 1960
Value Impact: David's assumption based on "1960" dating was significantly lower than the actual value of a properly authenticated 1959 example. The accurate dating revealed the guitar was even more valuable than he'd believed.
Outcome: We made a premium offer for the properly authenticated 1959. David was stunned—he'd almost accepted a significantly lower offer from another buyer based on the "1960" dating.
Lesson: One year difference on 1950s Gibson Les Pauls = dramatic value difference. Always verify with multiple dating methods.
Case Study 2: The "1958" That Was Actually 1963
The Call: Robert called about his "1958 Gibson Les Paul Custom" in black that he wanted to sell.
Our Concern: Les Paul Customs weren't made 1958-1960—production stopped in 1960 and resumed in 1968. Something was wrong with his date.
Investigation:
Serial Number:
Number on headstock: "138XXX"
This number actually indicates 1963, not 1958
Robert had misread or been misinformed
Clarification:
Guitar was 1963 SG Custom (not Les Paul Custom)
SG body, not Les Paul body
Black finish led to "Les Paul Custom" confusion
Still valuable but very different guitar
Pot Codes:
137-6315 (week 15 of 1963)
Confirmed 1963 manufacture
Value Reality: Robert had inflated expectations based on believing he had a 1958 Les Paul Custom. The actual 1963 SG Custom was worth significantly less than his assumption.
Outcome: We offered fair market value for the 1963 SG Custom in his guitar's condition. Robert was disappointed but appreciated accurate information.
Lesson: Know what model you have AND when it was made. Les Paul Customs and SG Customs are different instruments from different eras.
Case Study 3: The Two-Tone Stratocaster Revelation
The Call: Susan from Ohio called about a Stratocaster she inherited. She said, "It's probably from the 1960s based on the serial number."
Serial Number Check:
Serial on neck plate: "35XXX"
This number = 1959, not generic "1960s"
Pre-1960 = significant value premium
Neck Date Confirmation:
Pencil mark on neck butt: "7-59"
July 1959
Confirms pre-1960
The Critical Detail: Photos showed two-tone sunburst (brown and yellow, no red)—Susan didn't mention this, but it's CRITICAL.
Two-tone sunburst = 1954-1958 finish
The Problem: Guitar has 1959 serial and neck date, but two-tone sunburst (which ended mid-1958).
Possible explanations:
Neck from 1959, body from 1958 (mis-matched parts)
Very late two-tone burst (transitional)
Refinished to two-tone (unlikely—two-tone harder to replicate)
Further Investigation:
Pot Codes:
304-5847 (Stackpole, week 47 of 1958)
Very late 1958
Body assembled late 1958
Tremolo Cavity:
Body date penciled: "12-58"
December 1958
Conclusion:
Body assembled December 1958 (two-tone era ending)
Neck dated July 1959 (stamped for later use)
Parts assembled together late 1959/early 1960
Transitional guitar: Late two-tone body with early 1959 neck
Value Impact: The transitional nature—late two-tone body with 1959 neck—made this particularly desirable to collectors. Transitional guitars can command premiums over standard examples.
Outcome: We purchased at a premium reflecting the documented transitional features. The two-tone sunburst on 1959-dated guitar made it particularly valuable.
Lesson: When dates don't align perfectly, transitional guitars can be MORE valuable than standard examples. Professional dating identifies these valuable anomalies.
Case Study 4: The Missing Serial Number Mystery
The Call: Tom from Pennsylvania said, "I have an old Les Paul Goldtop with no serial number. Is it fake?"
Our Response: Many legitimate vintage Gibsons have worn-away or missing serial numbers. We needed to date it other ways.
Dating Investigation:
Pot Codes (Most Reliable):
Four pots all stamped: 137-5618, 137-5620, 137-5621, 137-5623
All CTS manufacturer, 1956, weeks 18-23
Tight date cluster = original electronics
Guitar completed mid-late 1956
Pickups:
P-90 pickups (correct for 1956)
Black covers (correct)
DC resistance readings consistent with mid-1950s
Bridge:
ABR-1 Tune-o-matic without retainer wire
Correct for 1956 (retainer wire added 1957)
Tuners:
Kluson Deluxe single-ring
Correct for 1956
Hardware:
All components consistent with 1956
Natural aging patterns appropriate
Body Construction:
Carved maple top
One-piece mahogany back
1956-appropriate construction
Finish Analysis:
The problem: Finish was thick and glossy
Nitrocellulose but appeared refinished
Some overspray in control cavity
UV light showed modern lacquer
Conclusion:
1956 Les Paul Goldtop (confirmed from all components)
Refinished (explains missing serial number—sanded away)
All original components except finish
Value Impact: The refinishing significantly reduced the guitar's value compared to an all-original example, but the 1956 Les Paul Goldtop with all original components still had substantial collectible value.
Outcome: We made an offer appropriate for a refinished 1956 Goldtop. Tom was disappointed the refinishing reduced value so much, but appreciated knowing what he had.
Lesson: Missing serial numbers don't mean fake guitars. Multiple dating methods can confirm authenticity even without serial. However, missing serial often indicates refinishing, which significantly reduces value.
When to Seek Professional Authentication
Dating guitars accurately requires expertise—knowing when to get professional help protects your interests.
Get Professional Authentication IMMEDIATELY If:
You have any potentially high-value guitar:
Gibson Les Paul with carved top and cherry/gold finish (any 1950s-1960s)
1958-1960 "burst" = among most valuable guitars ever made
1952-1957 Goldtop = highly valuable vintage guitars
ONE YEAR difference = substantial value variation
Fender with serial number under 100,000
Pre-CBS era = highly valuable
Custom colors = dramatically more valuable
Year-specific dating critical
Pre-war Martin acoustic (before 1946)
Herringbone D-28 = extremely valuable
D-45 = among most valuable acoustics
OM models = highly collectible
Flying V, Explorer, or other rare Gibson
Original Korina = extraordinarily valuable
Even reissues = very valuable
Any guitar you believe might be worth significant money
Get Professional Help If:
You encounter dating inconsistencies:
Serial number doesn't match other date indicators
Pot codes conflict with serial number by years
Components seem from different eras
Finish appears refinished but seller claims original
Neck date and serial number disagree significantly
You're considering selling:
Need accurate valuation for fair pricing
Buyers will question dates on valuable guitars
Professional authentication adds credibility
Documentation supports your asking price
You're considering insurance:
High-value guitars need scheduled coverage
Insurance companies require professional appraisals
Need accurate dating for proper coverage
Documentation protects claim process
What Professional Authentication Provides
Comprehensive analysis:
Physical inspection of all components
UV light testing for refinishing
Serial number and FON research
Pot code verification
Hardware authentication
Pickup analysis (resistance testing for PAFs)
Construction feature verification
Finish originality assessment
Written documentation:
Complete specification list
Date determination with confidence level
Originality assessment
Condition grading
Current market value
Comparable sales data
Professional photographs
Authentication benefits:
Protects against fakes and forgeries
Maximizes resale value
Provides insurance documentation
Gives peace of mind
Creates permanent record
Edgewater Guitars Dating and Authentication Services
We specialize in dating and authenticating vintage American guitars throughout the Midwest.
Our Expertise
20+ years authenticating vintage guitars:
Gibson Les Paul and SG specialists
Pre-CBS Fender authentication experts
Martin acoustic dating specialists
Serial number research and cross-referencing
Pot code analysis and electronics dating
Finish originality assessment with UV light
Historical production records research
Our Dating Process
Step 1: Free Preliminary Assessment
Submit photos and information through our contact form
Include serial numbers, pot codes (if visible), any stamps
Describe any known history
Response within 24-48 hours with initial assessment
Step 2: Detailed Research
Serial number and FON research in manufacturer databases
Cross-reference dates with production specifications
Identify transitional features or anomalies
Determine date range and confidence level
Step 3: In-Person Authentication (For Valuable Guitars)
Physical inspection of guitar at your location
UV light testing for refinish detection
Pot code verification and electronics analysis
Pickup authentication (PAF testing for Gibsons)
Hardware and component verification
Construction feature analysis
Complete photographic documentation
Step 4: Written Authentication Report
Complete dating analysis with all methods used
Confidence level in date determination
Specification list and feature documentation
Originality assessment (all-original vs. modifications)
Current fair market valuation
Comparable sales data
Professional photographs
Why Choose Edgewater for Dating Services
We actually buy guitars:
Unlike appraisal-only services, we purchase instruments
Our valuations reflect true market value
Accountability—we stand behind our assessments
Consistently pay premium prices for authenticated guitars
Multiple verification methods:
Never rely on serial numbers alone
Always cross-reference with pot codes, stamps, features
UV light testing standard on valuable guitars
Comprehensive rather than cursory
Honesty about uncertainty:
We tell you confidence level in dating
Acknowledge when dates can't be pinpointed exactly
Explain dating challenges transparently
Don't make up precise dates when evidence is unclear
No pressure to sell:
Authentication service available separately
No obligation to accept purchase offers
Happy to provide information to help you decide
Educational approach—we want you informed
Service Area
We serve the entire Midwest:
Ohio: Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati, Toledo, Akron, Dayton
Michigan: Detroit, Grand Rapids, Ann Arbor, Lansing, Flint
Pennsylvania: Pittsburgh, Erie, Allentown, Harrisburg
Indiana: Indianapolis, Fort Wayne, South Bend, Evansville
West Virginia: Charleston, Huntington, Morgantown, Parkersburg
For exceptionally valuable guitars, we can arrange travel to additional locations.
Frequently Asked Questions About Dating Guitars
Can I date my guitar just from the serial number?
Usually no—serial numbers alone are insufficient for accurate dating:
Why serial numbers aren't enough:
Overlapping number ranges across years
Inconsistent application by manufacturers
Parts numbered before assembly (months later)
Reused numbers in different eras
Out-of-sequence numbering common
What you need:
Serial number PLUS pot codes
Serial number PLUS neck/body stamps
Serial number PLUS construction features
Multiple methods for confirmation
Exception: Some modern guitars (1990s+) have more reliable serial systems that can narrow dates precisely.
My serial number doesn't match online databases. Is it fake?
Not necessarily—several legitimate explanations:
Transitional period between numbering systems
Special order or custom shop guitar
Prototype or pre-production example
Database incomplete or incorrect
Foreign market guitar with different system
Red flags that suggest fake:
Serial number font doesn't match known examples
Location wrong for claimed manufacturer
Number format inconsistent with ANY known system
Other features clearly wrong for claimed year
Too-good-to-be-true scenario
Best approach: Cross-reference serial with other dating methods. If pot codes, construction, and features all consistent with serial number era, guitar likely authentic even if database doesn't list exact number.
How much does accurate dating matter for value?
Enormously—especially for vintage guitars:
Value impact examples:
1959 vs. 1961 Gibson Les Paul: Dating difference creates dramatic value variation—potentially the difference between an extremely valuable collector's piece and a valuable vintage guitar.
1964 vs. 1966 Fender Stratocaster: Pre-CBS (1964) vs. CBS-era (1966) represents substantial value difference due to collector preference for pre-CBS instruments.
1968 vs. 1970 Martin D-28: Brazilian rosewood (1968) vs. Indian rosewood (1970) creates significant value difference based on wood species and collector demand.
For modern guitars: Dating matters less—value difference between 2015 and 2020 model minimal.
Can pot codes be wrong or faked?
Pot codes CAN be wrong, but rarely:
Legitimate issues:
Pots replaced during repairs (shows different dates)
Some cheap guitars used salvaged/surplus pots from different years
Very occasionally pot date codes stamped incorrectly at factory
Faking pot codes is difficult:
Requires sourcing period-correct pots with right codes
Expensive and time-consuming for forgers
Easier to forge serial numbers than pot codes
Multiple pots all need consistent dates
Red flags:
Pots dated AFTER guitar's claimed year = replaced or fake guitar
Mixed decades on pots (1959, 1959, 1979, 1959) = partial replacement
Pot codes don't match ANY known manufacturer format = suspicious
Why pot codes are reliable:
Inside guitar, harder to access and fake
Multiple pots provide cross-checking
Forgers usually focus on visible serial numbers, ignore pots
Consistent pot dates from correct manufacturer = strong authentication
My guitar has '00000000' as the serial number. Is it fake?
If it's a 1975-1977 Gibson, this is NORMAL:
Gibson used transfer/decal serial numbers 1975-1977 but had production problems:
Many left factory with "00000000" placeholder
Some with "XXXXXXXX"
Some completely blank
This was a known factory defect
Your guitar is likely authentic if:
All other features consistent with mid-1970s Gibson
Pot codes show 1975-1977 dates
Construction features correct (volute, etc.)
Hardware appropriate for era
Can still be dated:
Use pot codes as primary method
Body/neck stamps may be present
Construction features narrow down year
These guitars are authentic despite useless serial
Should I remove my guitar's neck to check the date stamp?
Only if you're experienced with guitar maintenance:
Risks of neck removal:
Potentially valuable guitar could be damaged
Neck alignment can shift
Finish can chip at neck joint
Screws can strip if over-tightened on reassembly
Truss rod adjustment may be needed after
When it's worth the risk:
Guitar of moderate value (lower stakes)
You have guitar maintenance experience
Fender-style bolt-on neck (easier and safer)
Other dating methods inconclusive
When to avoid:
Guitar potentially very valuable
Set-neck guitar (Gibson-style) - neck removal destructive
You lack experience
Other dating methods already provide good information
Professional alternative:
Vintage guitar specialists can safely remove necks
Know proper procedures
Have tools to prevent damage
Include in authentication service
Can I date my guitar by the sound or feel?
No—subjective qualities don't reliably date guitars:
Why sound doesn't date guitars:
Tone depends on many factors (wood, electronics, strings, setup)
Modern guitars can sound "vintage"
Vintage guitars sound different from each other
Modifications change tone
Setup and condition dramatically affect sound
Why feel doesn't date guitars:
Neck profiles varied within eras
Individual guitars felt different even when new
Setup changes affect feel more than age
Modern guitars can replicate vintage feel
Wear patterns develop on any guitar over time
What CAN indicate age:
Weight (old-growth wood was lighter)
Genuine wear patterns in logical locations
Finish characteristics (checking on nitro)
Hardware patina and corrosion patterns
Bottom line: Use objective, verifiable dating methods. Don't trust "it feels like a 1959."
Contact Edgewater Guitars for Professional Dating Services
If you need to know exactly how old your guitar is:
📧 Email Dating Request (Free Preliminary)
Submit photos through our online form:
Include serial number photos (all locations)
Control cavity photos showing pot codes
Any visible stamps or marks
Describe known history
All angles of guitar
Response time: 24-48 hours with preliminary date assessment
📞 Phone Consultation (Free)
Call (440) 219-3607:
Describe what you see on your guitar
We'll guide you through finding date clues
Get immediate preliminary guidance
Schedule in-person authentication if needed
Available: Monday-Saturday, 9am-6pm EST
🏢 In-Person Authentication
For potentially valuable guitars:
We travel throughout Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Indiana, West Virginia
Complete authentication with UV light testing
Professional photographic documentation
Written dating report and appraisal
Immediate purchase offers for guitars we buy
Typical appointment: 30-60 minutes for thorough evaluation
Free Resources
Learn more about dating and authenticating guitars:
Gibson Serial Number Lookup Tool - Comprehensive database 1902-present
Fender Serial Number Lookup Tool - Complete dating guide with neck date decoder
How to Tell If a Guitar is Valuable - Value assessment guide
What Guitar Do I Have? - Complete identification guide
Sunburst Guitar Identification - Dating by finish characteristics
Final Thoughts on Dating Guitars
Accurately dating a guitar requires detective work. Serial numbers provide starting points, but pot codes, stamps, construction features, and hardware details complete the story. For vintage guitars where one year can mean dramatic value differences, professional authentication isn't optional—it's essential.
Key takeaways:
✓ Never trust serial numbers alone—always cross-reference ✓ Pot codes are the most reliable dating method for 1950s-1970s guitars ✓ Multiple dating methods increase confidence ✓ One year can mean substantial value difference on vintage guitars ✓ Missing serial numbers don't mean fake guitars ✓ Professional authentication protects your investment ✓ Transitional guitars with unusual features can be MORE valuable
Whether you've inherited a guitar, found one in storage, or want to understand what you own, accurate dating is the foundation of understanding its value.
Don't guess—know for certain.
Contact Edgewater Guitars Today:
📧 Submit Photos for Free Dating Assessment
📞 (440) 219-3607
📍 Serving: Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania, Indiana, West Virginia
About Edgewater Guitars:
Edgewater Guitars specializes in dating and authenticating vintage American guitars throughout the Midwest. Our team has over 20 years of combined experience in vintage guitar authentication, with extensive knowledge of Gibson, Fender, and Martin dating systems. We use comprehensive analysis including serial numbers, FON research, pot code verification, UV light testing, and construction feature analysis to accurately date guitars. We've authenticated hundreds of high-value instruments and helped clients avoid costly misdating mistakes. We consistently pay premium prices for authenticated vintage guitars because our dating expertise allows us to recognize and properly value guitars others might misprice.
Last Updated: January 2025
Edgewater Guitars is an independent vintage guitar buyer. We are not affiliated with Gibson, Fender, Martin, or any guitar manufacturer. All brand names are used for identification purposes only.


